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Window Sash Repairs

Regularly inspect the window sashes for signs of damage, mildew and mold. You can reduce the cost of repairs in the future by catching these issues in the early stages before they get out of hand.

The sash is the internal framing that can be moved vertically up or down in windows that are open. This article will show you how to perform simple sash repairs.

Weather Stripping

Wood window sashes provide a classic aesthetic to your home and, when properly maintained, they can last for years. However, they can be damaged or degraded over time due to exposure and normal wear and tear. Sash repair specialists can restore windows to their original condition and maintain their beauty longer than replacement windows.

The first step for sash window repairs is addressing weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash and frame. It could cause drafts if damaged or is loose. To fix it, begin by determining your window's brand and the date on which the glass was manufactured (etched in the corner of the glass or on the aluminum spacer between panes). Then, remove the sash and mark its height and width to find new weather stripping that matches.

Then, remove the sash and place it on a work surface so you can access all four sides. If the sash is double-hung, take out the weights with their ropes that should be buried within the jamb lining. After you've removed the sash, use a utility knife to cut off the weather stripping that was formerly in place at the corners. Then, remove it manually or using a putty blade.

Once the sash has been cleaned, you can replace the parting stops. These are long pieces that split the sashes. Pam prefers to replace them with standard 1/2-inch-by 3/4-inch window trim from the lumberyard, but you can also use a piece of scrap wood.

After removing the stopper for the parting and trimming it to length and then apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the bottom of the sash. Smooth out the compound using your putty knife and let it dry for at least a day. Once it's fully cured then apply a top coat of acrylic latex paint. This will protect the putty and give your sash a fresh look.

Sash Hardware

The hardware that supports window repair sashes is prone to wearing out from the wear and tear of use, and the result can be a window or door repair that isn't able to open or close easily. The good news is that fixing and replacing this hardware is typically relatively easy and affordable. If you're having trouble opening a sash, spray some lubricant into the jamb channel. Then, slide the sash up and open to see if that fixes the problem. If not, the problem is most likely due to the sash balance and you'll need to take out the sash to access this hardware.

Window sashes need to open and close with little effort. However, window repairs this can be a challenge if the weights have been worn out or the sash-to rail meeting rail is not properly coated. This issue could be caused by a variety of things, such as insufficient maintenance or an incorrect weight rating for the particular window sash.

If the hinges on a window begin to sag this can cause the sash drag and then hit the frame in the opposite corner (Photo 1). To fix the problem, make sure that the sash is aligned in the frame's opening and take it off. If the sash is secured to the hinge arm, you'll have to remove the hinge arm and replace it (Photo 2). Install the new sash (Photo 3).

Because of sagging hinges and a general deficiency in energy efficiency, windows that are old, especially those in older homes, can be difficult to open and close. In many instances, a few minor repairs can transform these windows into smooth operators for the first time and save the homeowner money on energy costs.

In order to make these sash repairs, it's important to have all the necessary tools in place before you begin. Begin by marking the position of the hinge channel on the frame using pencil (Photo 1). This will help you get the channel back into place correctly when you're finished. Then, remove the sash, and then remove the hardware, including the parting beads (Photo 2) and the chains or cords that secure it. Soften any putty that has been hardened with a heat gun set to medium and fitted with a shield to block the nozzle. Remove the old sash, and keep it in a labeled bag.

Sash Weights

Sash weights are able to be replaced to enhance the efficiency of your window sash, and also reduce the energy cost. Sash weights are made of iron or lead cylindricals that are contained in a concealed cavity and connected by ropes to the moveable window sash. They provide counterbalance which allows the window to be shut and opened without the use of electrical or mechanical devices. When they fail, sashweights are usually ignored or disabled by homeowners.

A weight in a sash that has fallen out of the cavity is difficult to retrieve and you'll need to find a new one that fits correctly. You will also require a new piece of string, a length sash cord, and a few sash pulleys that will tie the new sash weights onto the sash cord.

Older windows made of wood are joined with mortise and tenon joints. The wood pegs that hold the parts together can be removed using the use of a pin punch and hammer. The majority of these pegs are large on one side and smaller on the other. It is essential to first remove the smaller diameter sides. Later sashes used glue instead of pins. They can be cut by using a knife or a mallet.

Once the sash is freed and removed, you can take off the sash stop and gain access to the weight pocket. Usually, this is done through an opening in the bottom of each jamb. The hole is surrounded by the wooden panel which can be removed to reveal the interior workings.

When the sash has been shut off and the access panel has been removed, you can remove the old weight and replace it. Be sure to weigh the sash prior to you begin, as the old weights may be a different size than what you require. Once the new weight is in place then tie a string to it and thread it through the sash pulley. Then, you can attach the string to your boxed frame. Leave a few inches protruding at the top of the string to allow for future adjustments.

Sash Cords

In the majority of double-hung windows, a cord or chain is attached to the weights. This helps keep the sashes of the jamb balanced. Over time, these cords could break, making it impossible to raise the window. A new sash cord will give you the ability to move the sash upwards and downwards and keep it in place when it is opened.

The first step in replacing sash cords is to locate and remove the access panels within the jambs. They are typically installed by screws or nails and will require to be removed or moved. You could employ a hammer and chisel to prise them off but it's best to lay down dust sheets prior to beginning any work.

After removing the access panel, you are able to begin to work on the sash. Make the small parting beads (also called "tie rails") out of their grooves with flat bar or chisel. It is essential to take your time because they are usually wedged or nailed in place. If the sash remains in place, pry out the mortise and tenon joints with a hammer and pin punch or screwdriver, then remove the wood pegs that are on each piece. You should now be able to move the sash back and forth without difficulty, though it may require oiling if it seems stiff.

With the sash open, measure enough sash cord/chain to reach from the pulley at the top of the jamb to the sash slot on the bottom. Cut the cord or chain and fix it as described in Step 6 above. You can use either a hammer, nails, window repairs or screws. However, nails are less likely to cause damage.

If you don't have an item that replaces the old counterbalance system it is recommended to keep the original balancing weights in place. They are not expensive and are easy to install if purchased them from salvage shops for architectural use. Based on the size of your window one or two sash weights may be needed to keep it open.